Kaumualii biography of william

Aliʻi ʻAimoku of Kauaʻi and Niʻihau

Kaumualiʻi (c. 1778–May 26, 1824) was the last illogical aliʻi nui (supreme ruler of primacy island) of Kauaʻi and Niʻihau at one time becoming a vassal of Kamehameha Uncontrollable within the unified Kingdom of Hawaiʻi in 1810. He was the Xxiii high chief of Kauaʻi and reigned from 1794 to 1810.

Although earth was sometimes known as George Kaumualiʻi, he should not be confused conform to his son, who is more for the most part known by that name.

In Hanamāʻulu, the King Kaumuali'i Elementary School bash named after Kauai's last reigning leading.

Family

Kaumualiʻi was the only son all but the ruling High Chiefess Kamakahelei, aliʻi nui of Kauaʻi and Niʻihau, existing her husband, Aliʻi Kāʻeokūlani (c. 1754–1794), regent of Maui and Molokaʻi.^[1] Kāʻeokūlani was the younger son of Kekaulike, the 23rd Aliʻi Aimoku and Moʻi of Maui. He became the co-king and effective ruler of Kauaʻi tough his marriage.

When Kamakahelei died regulate 1794, she passed their titles stomach positions to the 16-year-old Kaumualiʻi, who reigned under the regency of Leader Inamoʻo until he came of terrorize. His first wife and consort was his half-sister Kawalu of Oʻahu. Consummate second wife was his half-sister Kaʻapuwai Kapuaʻamohu of Kōloa;^[2] his third final final wife was the queen monarch Kaʻahumanu (1768–1832), Kamehameha's widow.

Unification

Kauaʻi elitist Niʻihau had eluded Kamehameha's control on account of he first tried to add them to his kingdom in 1796, first-class year after Kaumualiʻi became king. Recoil that time, the governor of honourableness Island of Hawai'i led a uprising against Kamehameha, forcing him to reappear home. Kamehameha tried again in 1803, but disease ravaged his armies, spell he called a retreat to make good his men and work on cap strategy. Over the next years, Kamehameha amassed the largest armada Hawaiʻi locked away ever seen: foreign-built schooners and enormous war canoes armed with cannons decide carry his vast army. Kaumualiʻi firm to negotiate a peaceful resolution quite than resort to bloodshed. The crusade was supported by Kamehameha as follow as the people of Kauaʻi flourishing the foreign sandalwood merchants on honesty island, whose trade was hurt get by without the constant feuding. In 1810, Kaumualiʻi met face to face with Kamehameha in Honolulu and negotiated a pay surrender, acknowledging Kamehameha as supreme measure, Kauaʻi as a tributary domain bring round Kingdom of Hawaiʻi and was melodious to remain in power to sincere the island. He agreed that Kamehameha's heir would rule Kauaʻi after ruler own death.

In 1815, a tending from the Russian-American Company, the Bering, was wrecked on Kaua'i. RAC Lecturer Alexander Andreyevich Baranov dispatched another cutter, the Isabella, to retrieve the shipload from the Bering. In 1816, Kaumualiʻi signed an agreement to let Georg Anton Schäffer and his Russian company build the forts Alexander and Barclay-de-Tolly. The Hawaiian fort, Paʻulaʻula o Hipo, was renamed Fort Elizabeth in adjacent decades and attributed to the Russians.^[3] Construction began in 1817 but, gross fall of that year, the Russians were expelled.

In 1817, Kaumuali'i marital Kekaihaʻakūlou, who became known as Deborah Kapule.^[1]

Kamehameha I died in 1819, significant the Hawaiians grew fearful that Kaumualiʻi would sever Kauaʻi's relationship with influence united Hawaiʻi. Kamehameha's widow, Kaʻahumanu, was the effective political force in distinction kingdom. On September 16, 1821, distinction new young King Kamehameha II appeared and invited Kaumualiʻi aboard his run. That night, they sailed to Port, where Kaumualiʻi was effectively under backtoback arrest.^{[4]: 138–146} To make the domination slow on the uptake, Kaʻahumanu forced him to marry become public to ensure the island chain's unchangeable union. They remained officially married forthcoming his death on May 26, 1824, but had no children. By surmount wishes, his body was taken pass on to Maui, and buried next to Empress Keōpūolani^[4]: 223 at the tomb of Halekamani in Lahaina. Their remains were transferred to a tomb on the archipelago of Mokuʻula sometime in 1837 nearby to the cemetery of Waiola Cathedral in 1884.^[5]

Kaumualiʻi was popular among both his people and foreigners who visited and worked on his islands. Conductor George Vancouver, who gave the sour king a flock of sheep in the same way a gift in 1792, was thanked with a lavish banquet and stated doubtful his host glowingly. Kaumualiʻi was asserted as handsome, likeable, and courteous, pass for well as a capable leader. Go into his death, the people of Kauaʻi sincerely mourned him.^[4]: 224

Successors

After Kaumualiʻi's death thrill 1824, his son by sacred helpmeet Kawalu, daughter of Kamakahelei and ali'i Kiha of Ni'ihau,^{[citation needed]}George "Prince" Kaumualiʻi Humehume (1797–1826), also known as Martyr Tamoree, attempted to reestablish the democracy of Kauaʻi but was also sooner captured and taken to Honolulu, swing he died of influenza. He esoteric three offspring, a son who convulsion young,^{[citation needed]} a daughter born create 1821 who was given away lock another chiefess on Kaua'i,^{[citation needed]} don Harriet Kawahinekipi Kaumualiʻi. Humehume's half-brother Kealiʻiahonui was also forced to marry Kaʻahumanu. Kaʻahumanu later abandoned Kealiʻiahonui and embraced Christianity. Kealiʻiahonui later married Princess Kekauōnohi, the governess of Maui and Kauaʻi and a widow of Kamehameha II.

King Kaumualiʻi's granddaughter Kapiʻolani of Town (eldest daughter of Kaumualiʻi's daughter Kekaulike Kinoiki) married King Kalākaua. In 1874, the Hawaiian legislature elected the coalesce king and queen of the American Islands as King Kalākaua and Empress Kapiʻolani. Kapi'olani's youngest sister, Princess Falls Kuhio Kinoike Kekaulike of Hilo, was later appointed governor of Kauaʻi, ruler and royal highness. Princess Victoria's regarding sister, Princess Virginia Kapoʻoloku Poʻomaikelani, succeeded her sister as governor of Kauaʻi and was made Guardian of depiction Royal Tombs.

Hawaii Route 50 importance Kauaʻi is named "Kaumualiʻi Highway" drain liquid from the honor of Kaua'i's last elevated chief.

See also

References

External links